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palm technology co., ltd. tel:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:1/17 p alm t echnology co., ltd. contact address : 14f-15f, no.383, y angming rd.,sanmin district, kaohsiung city 807, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: 886-7-3983966 fax: 886-7-3982966 e-mail: sales@palmtech.com.tw part no. : PRC2002A-series for messrs. : contents no. item page 1. cover 1 2. record of reversion 2 3. general description 3 4. maximum absolute limit 3 5. mechanical characteristics 3 6. electrical characteristics 4~6 7. operating principles 6~12 8. operating methods 13~16 9. outline dimension 17 the lcd(m) specialist accepted by : proposed by : |? o ?e ?? ? t 93.05.17
record of revision date page summary palm technology co., ltd. palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:2/17
1. general description PRC2002A, a dot-matrix char acter lcd module, design for displaying 2 line 20 row characters. character font is 5x7 dots with cursor. the PRC2002A provides two types of interfaces to mpu: 4-bit and 8-bit interfaces. PRC2002A can includes el or led ba cklight for custom design. the cust om can design for color of el or led backlight, viewing angle and lcd type. 2. maximum absolute limit characteristics symbol ratings remark operating voltage v dd -0.3v to +7.0v driver supply voltage v lcd vdd - 12v to vdd + 0.3v input voltage range v in -0.3v to vdd + 0.3v t a 1 -10c to+60c normal temperature lcm operating temperature t a2 -20c to+60c wide temperature lcm storage temperature t sto -25c to+70c note: stresses beyond those given in the absolute maximum rating table may cause operational errors or damage to the device. 3. mechanical characteristics a) physical data item standard value unit remark number of characters 202 module size 116.037.09.0 mm viewing area 82.818.5 mm active area 75.5311.50 mm character size 5.593.33 mm character pith 5.913.80 mm approx. weight g drive method 1/5bias 1/16 duty b) external dimensions palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:3/17
4. electrical characteristics a) dc characteristics a.1) dc characteristics ( ta =25 c, vdd = 2.7 to 4.5v) limit characteristics symbol min. typ. max. unit test condition input high voltage v im 0.7vdd - vdd v input low voltage v ll -0.3 0.55 v input high current i ih -1.0 1.0 ua input low current i ll -5.0 -15 -30 ua vdd = 3.0v output high voltage v oh 0.75vdd - - v ioh = - 0.1ma pins: db7-0 output low voltage v ol - - 0.2vdd v | ol = 0.1ma pins: db7-0 lcd voltage v lcd 3 4.5v 13 v operating current i dd 1.0 ma note: vdd = 3v a.2) dc characteristics ( ta = 25c, vdd = 4.5 to 5.5v) limit characteristics symbol min. typ. max. unit test condition input high voltage v im 2.2 vdd v input low voltage v ll -0.3 0.6 v input high current i ih -2.0 2.0 ua input low current i ll -20 -50 -100 ua vdd = 5.0v output high voltage v oh 2.4 - vdd v i oh = - 0.1ma pins: db7-0 output low voltage v ol - - 0.4 v i ol = 0.1ma pins: db7-0 lcd voltage v lcd 3 4.5 13 v operating current i dd 1.0 ma note: vdd = 5v b) ac characteristics b.1) ac characteristics ( ta = 25c, vdd = 2.7 to 4.5v) write mode (writing data from mpu to lcd module) limit characteristics symbol min. typ. max. unit test condition e cycle time tc 1000 ns pine e pulse width tpw 450 - - ns pine e rise/fall time tr,tf - - 25 ns pine address setup time tsp-i 60 ns pins: rs, r/w, e address hold time thd1 20 ns pins: rs, r/w, e data setup time tsp2 195 ns pins: db7-0 data hold time thd2 10 - - ns pins: db7-0 palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:4/17
read mode (reading data from lcd module to mpu) limit characteristics symbol min. t yp .max. unit test condition e c y cle time tc 1000 ns pine e pulse width tw 450 ns pine e rise/fall time tr , tf 25 ns pine address setu p time ts p -i 60 ns pins: rs , r/w , e address hold time thd1 20 ns pins: rs , r/w , e data out p ut dela y time td 360 ns pins: db7-0 data hold time thd2 5.0 - - ns pin db7- 0 b.2) ac characteristics (ta = 25c, vdd = 4.5 to 5.5v) write mode (writing data from mpu to lcd module) limit characteristics symbol min. typ. max. unit test condition e cycle time tc 400 ns pine e pulse width tpw 150 - - ns pine e rise/fall time tr,tf - - 25 ns pine address setup time tsp-i 30 ns pins: rs, r/w, e address hold time thd1 10 ns pins: rs, r/w, e data setup time tsp2 40 ns pins: db7-0 data hold time thd2 10 - - ns pins: db7-0 read mode (reading data from lcd module to mpu) limit characteristics symbol min. typ. max. unit test condition e cycle time tc 400 ns pin e e pulse width tw 150 ns pin e e rise/fall time tr,tf 25 ns pin e address setup time tsp-i 30 ns pins: rs, r/w,e address hold time thd1 10 ns pins: rs, r/ w,e data output delay time td 100 ns pins: db7-0 data hold time thd2 20 - - ns pin db7-0 palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:5/17
timing characterisics db0~db7 r/w rs tr th 1 tsu 2 tc v a lid d a ta th 2 tw tf th 1 e tsu 1 write timing tsu e db0~db7 r/w rs tr th tc valid data td td h tw tf th read timing 5. operating principles a) pin description pin no. symbol level function 1 vss 0v ground 2 vdd 2.7v~5.5v supply voltage for logic 3 v0 variable voltage for lcd 4 rs h/l h: instruction code l: data 5 r/w h/l h: read signal l: write signal 6 e h ?l enable signal 7 db0 h/l 8 db1 h/l 9 db2 h/l 10 db3 h/l 11 db4 h/l 12 db5 h/l 13 db6 h/l 14 db7 h/l data bits in case of 4 bits instruction, data is transferred by twice using only 4 buses of d4 ? d7 ,and d0 ? d3 are not used , first operation is higher order 4 bits and second is lower 4 bits of 8 bits , but in case of 8 bits instruction , data is transferred by data by data bus of d0 ? d7 15 blk(-) 0v supply voltage for led-backlight 16 bla(+) 4.2v supply voltage for led-backlight palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:6/17
ir i/o b u f f e r lcd driving circuit p to s registor busy flag dr cg ram cg ram cursor and blink ckt. com driving circuit dd ram ac timing control circuit d e c o d e r rs r/w e d0-d3 d4-d7 vdd vo vss a. data register (dr): dris a register used for te mporary storage of the dat a read/write form/into dd ram and cg ram. b. instruction register (ir): is a register ava ilable for storing the in struction codes and address information of display data (dd) ra m and character generator (cg) ram. c. busy flag (bf): when the busy flag is ?1?,it s hows that lcm is in internal operation and it can not accept the next instruction. d. character generator (cg) rom: this rom generat es character pattern fr om 8-bit character code and provides 192 character patterns. e. character generator (cg)ram: this ram allows t he user to rewrite the character patterns freely according to the program. f. address counter (ac): this address counter is used to give the address information of dd ram and cg ram. g. display data (dd) ram: this display data ram is used to store the display data expressed by 8-bit character code . the capacity is 80x 8bits and data for 80 charac ters can be storage. h. cursor and blink control circuit: this circuit generates the cursor and blink. b) block diagram palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:7/17
ram's address and the lcd's position shown bellows. display character address code: display position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f ddram address 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b 4c 4d 4e 4f relationship between character code ( ddram) and character pattern (cgram) character code dd ram data cg ram address character pattern cg ram data b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 000 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 1 0 0 0 1 00 0 1 1 0 0 1 00 1 0 0 0 0 1 00 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 1 1 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 x x x 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 1 0 0 0 1 00 0 1 1 0 0 1 00 1 0 0 0 0 1 00 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 110 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 1 0 0 1 111 x x x 0 0 0 0 0 1. } }
cgrom character code table: llll llll cg ram (1) upper 4bit lower 4bit lllh llhl llhh lhll lhlh lhhl lhhh hlll hllh hlhl hlhh hhll hhlh hhhl hhhh lllh (2) llhl (3) llhh (4) lhll (5) lhlh (6) lhhl (7) lhhh (8) hlll (1) hllh (2) hlhl (3) hlhh (4) hhll (5) hhlh (6) hhhl (7) hhhh (8) palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:9/17
c) instruction description control and display instructions w ill show in details as following: c.1) clear display rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 it clears the whole display and sets display data ram's address 0 in address counter. c.2) return home rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 x x: do not care (0 or 1) it sets display data ram's address 0 in address counter and display returns to its original position. the cursor or blink goes to the left edge of the display (to the 1st line if 2 lines are displayed). the contents of the display data ram do not change. c.3) entry mode set during writing and reading data, it sets cursor move direction and shifts the display. rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i/d s i/ d = 1: increment, i / d = 0: decrement. s = 1: the display shift, s = 0: the display does not shift s= 1 i/d= 1 it shifts the display to the left s= 1 i/d=0 it shifts the display to the right c.4) display on/off control rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 d c b d = 1: display on, d = 0: display off c = 1: cursor on , c = 0: cursor off b = 1: blinks on, b= 0: blinks off c.5) cursor or display shift without changing dd ram's daters, it can move cursor and shift display rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 0 1 s/c r/l x x s/c r/l description address counter 0 0 shift cursor to the left ac = ac - 1 0 1 shift cursor to the right ac = ac + 1 1 0 shift display to the left. cursor follows the display shift ac=ac 1 1 shift display to the right. cursor follows the display shift ac=ac c.6) function set rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 1 dl n f x x x: do not care (0 or 1) dl: it sets interface data length. dl = 1: datas are transferred with 8-bit lengths (db7 - 0).dl = 0: datas are transferred with 4-bit lengths (db7 - 4). (it needs two times to transfer datas) n: it sets the number of the display line. n = 0: one-line display. n = 1: two-line display. f: it sets the character font. f = 0: 5 x 7 dots character font. f = 1: 5 x 10 dots character font. n f no. of display lines character font duty factor 0 0 1 5x7 dots 1 /8 0 1 1 5x 10 dots 1 /11 1 x 2 5x7 dots 1 /16 palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:10/17
c.7) set character generator ram address rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 1 a a a a a a it sets character generator ram addres s (aaaaaa)2 to the address counter. character generator ram data can read or write after this setting. c.8) set display data ram address rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 1 a a a a a a a it sets display data ram address (aaaaaaa)2 to the address counter. display data ram can read or write after this setting. in one-line display (n = 0), (aaaaaaa)2; (oo)16 - (4f)16 in two-line display (n = 1), (aaaaaaa)2: (00)16 - (27)16,gfor the first line, (aaaaaaa)2: (40)16 - (67)16, gfor the second line. c.9) read busy flag and address rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 bf a a a a a a a when (bf = 1) indicates that the system is busy now, it will not accept any instruction until no busy (bf = 0). at the same time, the address counter content?s (aaaaaaa)2; is read out. c.10) write data to character generator ram or display data ram rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 1 0 d d d d d d d d it writes data (dddddddd)2 to character generator ram or display data ram. c.11) read data from character generator ram or display data ram rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 1 1 d d d d d d d d it reads data (dddddddd)2 from character generator ram or display data ram. to get the correct data readout is shown below: ( ? ) set the address of the character generator ram or di splay data ram or shift the cursor instruction. (ii) send the ?read ?instruction. palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:11/17
instruction table instruction code instruction rs rw d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 description execution time (fosc=270khz) clear display 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 write "20h" to ddram and set ddram address to "ooh" from ac 1.52ms return home 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - set ddram address to "ooh" from ac and return cursor to its original position if shifted. the contents of ddram are not changed. 1.52ms entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i/d s assign cursor moving direction and enable the shift of entire dis p la y 38us display on/ off 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 d c b set display(d), cursor(c), and blinking of cursor(b) on/off control bit. 38us cursor or display shift 0 0 0 0 0 1 s/c r/l - - set cursor moving and display shift control bit, and the direction, without changing of ddram data. 38us function set 0 0 0 0 1 dl n f - - set interface data length (dl: 8-bit/4-bit), numbers of display line (n: 2-line/1- line) and, display font type (f:5x10dots/5x8dots) 38us set cgram address 0 0 0 1 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 aco set cgram address in address counter. 38us set ddram address 0 0 1 ac6 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 aco set ddram address in counter 38us read busy flag and address counter 0 1 bf ac6 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 aco whether during internal operation or not can be known by reading bf. the contents of address counter can also be read. 38us write data to ram 1 0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 do write data into internal ram (ddram/cgram). 38us read data from ram 1 1 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 do read data from internal ram (ddram/cgram). 38us palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:12/17
6. operating methods a) interface with mpu interface to z 80 c pu /r d d0-d7 /ir q 8 /w r a1-a7 a0 z80 7 mux r d lcm d0-d7 rw cq e rs a0 e /r d d0-d7 d0-d7 rw lcm rs m c6800 8 interface to m c 6800 c pu e interface to m cs51 cpu /r d d0-d7 8 /w r a15 lcm d0-d7 rw e rs a14 mcs51 palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:13/17
b) power supply v dd -v o :lcd driving voltage lcm v dd -v o single supply voltage types 5v v dd v o v ss gnd 10k~20k v dd 10k~20k vdd-vo:lcd driving voltage lcm vss vdd-v0 vo vdd +3v vee vdd dual supply voltage types c) operating example 8-bit operation and 8-digit 1-line display (using internal reset) no instruction display operation 1 power on . ( splc780a1 starts initializing ) power on reset. no display. function set rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 x x set to 8-bit operation and select 1-line display line and character font. display on / off control 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 _ display on. cursor appears. entry mode set 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 _ increase address by one. it will shift the cursor to the right when writing to the dd ram / cg ram. now the display has no shift. write data to cg ram / dd ram 5 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 w_ write ?w". the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right. write data to cg ram / dd ram 6 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 we_ write ?e ". the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right. 7 ??? ???? write data to cg ram / dd ram 8 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 welcome_ write ?e ". the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right. entry mode set 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 welcome_ set mode for display shift when writing 10 write data to cg ram / dd ram elcome_ write" "(space). the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:14/17
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 to the right. write data to cg ram / dd ram 11 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 lcome c write ?c ". the cursor incremented by one and shifted t the right. 12 ????? ? ? write data to cg ram / dd ram 13 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 compamy write " y " . the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right. cursor or display shift 14 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 x x compamy only shift the cursor's position to the left (y). cursor or display shift 15 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 x x compamy only shift the cursor's position to the left (m). write data to cg ram / dd ram 16 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 ompany write ?n ". the display moves to the left. cursor or display shift 17 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 x x company shift the display and the cursor's position to the right. cursor or display shift 18 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 x x company shift the display and the cursor's position to the right. write data to cg ram / dd ram 19 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ompany write " " (space). the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right 20 ????? ? ? return home 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 welcome both the display and the cursor return to the original position (address 0). 4-bit operation and 8-digit 1-line display (using internal reset) no instruction display operation 1 power on . ( splc780a1 starts initializ ing ) power on reset. no display. function set rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 set to 4-bit operation function set 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 x x set to 4-bit operation and select 1-line display line and character font. display on / off control 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 1 1 0 0 _ display on. cursor appears. entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 1 1 0 0 _ increase address by one. it will shift the cursor to the right when writing to the dd ram / cg ram. now the display has no shift. write data to cg ram / dd ram 6 1 0 0 1 0 1 w_ write ?w ?. the cursor is incremented by one and shifted to the right palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:15/17
power on 1 0 0 1 1 1 reset function at power on, it starts the internal auto-reset circuit and executes the initial instructions . there are the initial procedures shown as bellows: 8bits interface waite time > 15ms after vdd>4.5v rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 1 1 x x x x wait time > 4.1ms rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 1 1 x x x x wait time > 100us rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 1 1 x x x x rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 0 0 0 1 1 n f x x 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i/d s bf cannot be checked bef ore this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits length). bf cannot be checked bef ore this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits length). bf cannot be checked bef ore this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits length). initialization end bf cannot be checked after the following instructions function set (interface is 8 bits length. specify the number of display lines and character font .) the number of display lines and character cannot be changed afterwards. display off display clear entry mode set palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:16/17
power on 4bits interface waite time > 15ms after vdd>4.5v rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 0 0 0 0 1 1 wait time > 4.1ms rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 0 0 0 0 1 1 wait time > 100us rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 n f x x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i/d s initialization end bf cannot be checked bef ore this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits length). bf cannot be checked bef ore this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits length). rs r/w d7 d6 d5 d4 0 0 0 0 1 1 bf cannot be checked bef ore this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits length). bf cannot be checked after the following instructions function set (set interface to be 4 bits length) interface 8 bits length function set (interface is 8 bits length. specif y the number of display lines and character font.) the number of display lines and character cannot be changed afterwards. display off display clear entr y mode set palm technology co., ltd. t el:886-7-3983966 fax:886-7-3982966 PRC2002A-series-1 page:17/17

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